Typewriting machine



Jul 29 1924.

M. C. CRAWLEY TYPEWRITING MACHINE Original Filed March 25.

1919 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 Elwvemtoz July 29 1924.

M. C. CRAWLEY TYPEWRITING MACHINE Original Filed March 25. 1919 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 VENTOR hbN Alzomeys July 29, 1924. 1,503.030

. M. c. CRAWLEY TYPEWRITING MACHINE Original Filed March 25, 1919 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 Bill-l! 7/1/1154.

July 29 1924. 150mm M. C. CRAWLEY TYPEWRITING MACHINE 6 SheetsSheet 4 QUOTA/L211};

July 29, 1924 1,503,030

M. c. CRAWLEY TYPEWRITING MACHINE Original Filed March 25. 1919 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 llH July 29, 1924.

M. C. CRAWLEY TYPEWRITING MACHINE Original Filed March 25, 1919 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 avwentoz Patented July 29, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

M'ANSFIELD C. OEAWLEY, OF GROTON, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR T ADDOGRAPH COM- PANY, OF LOSAN'GELES, CALIFORNIA, A CORPORATION OF CALIFORNIA.

'IYPEWRITIQTG MACHINE.

Application filed March 25, 1919, Serial No. 284,968. Renewed January 11, 1924.

,To all whom it may concern:

' chine disclosed in my reissued Letters Patout No. 15,640, dated July 3, 1923 (original Patent No. 1,156,061, dated October 12, 1915), and further elaborated in my copending application Serial No. 188,770, filed August 29, 1917, and renewed December 3, 1.921, Serial No. 519,804,.in which machine a spring-actuated actuator is employed for actuating the type-bars and for letter-spac ing the carriage, a continuously-driven motor being employed for pulling back and cooking the actuator after each working stroke thereof, the actuator being held cocked until again released by an operation of one of the character-keys or the spacekey.

The present invention has for its principal objects to provide an efiicient powerdriven force-feed letter-spacing means for the platen carriage of a typewriting machine whereby the carriage may be letterspaced either toward the right or toward the left; to provide means for insuring accurate letter-spacing and for holding the carriage normally locked against movement transversely of themachine; to provide a riower-operated letter-spacing mechanism for machines of the type shown in said patent and application wherein the spring motor which impels the type-bar to printing position is entirely relieved of the 'WOl'k of letter-spacing the carriage, such work being performed wholly by the motor which restores the typebar actuator to normal position; to proviiile a power feed mechanism embodying two feed devices both operated by the type-bar actuator and each a lapted to feed the carriage in a different direction a full letter space and operating on the same strokeot the actuator to feed the carriage, and means whereby one or the other of said devices may be held out of action during operations of the actuator;.

to proride means for reieasing the carriage froiu its locking means; and to provide means whereby a part of the mechanism for letter-spacing the carriage may be employed for driving the carriage continuously either to the left or to the right, as more fullyhereinafter set forth.

The invention has other objects in view which will appear in the course of this specification.

In the drawings Fig. 1 is a view partly in side elevation and partly in vertical section of so much of a typewriting-machine as is deemed neces sary to show this invention applied;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing the clutch-shifting levers;

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the carriagedriving gearing and clutch-shifting levers;

Figs. 4: and 5 are vertical sectional views showing the carriage-rack lock device in its two positions;

Fig. 6 is a detail viewv in bottom plan showing the devices adjusted for forward letter-spacing Fig. 7 shows the letter-spacing devices in top plan view and adjusted for forward letter-spacing;

Fig. 8 is a front View, enlarged, of the letter-spacing mechanism;

Fig. 9 is a view of a detail hereinafter described;

Figs. 10 and 11 are plan views showing various portions of the lettervspacing mechanism and the actuating and controlling means connected thereto;

Figs. 12, 13 and M are views of details hereinafter described.

Referring to the various parts by numerals, 1 designates the frame of the type writing machine which, of course, may be of any suitable construct-ion. In the upper part of the frame is the usual platen 2 which is mounted in any suitable way upon the platen-carriage 3. The type bars a are mounted on a suitably constructed typesegment 5 and are adapted to swing upwardly and rearwardly to the platen. At the rear of the machine is mounted a suit able continuously-driven motor (not shown) whose drive-pulley 8 is belted or geared to continuously rotatea transverse horizontal shaft 7 the connection between the motorpulley and this shaft 7 being by a belt or otherwise.

Mounted in the frame. a suitable distance to the rear of the type-bar segment 5, is a coupler-support 11 which is in the form of a segment corresponding approximately to the type-bar segment 5. Pivotally connected to the lower end of each type-bar is a coupler 12 which extends rearwardly and is provided at its rear end wit-h a downwardly-extending foot 13, the lower end of which is formed witha downwardly-andforwardlyextending locking-toe 14 adapted to rest on the coupler support 11 and to engage the flange 15 thereon to lock the type-bar against rebound from its rest. To each coupler, near its forward end, is connected a spring 19 which at its lower end is connected to a depending flange on the coupler-rest 11.

Extending rearwardly from the type-bar segment 5 are two horizontal frame-bars 20 which are connected at their forward and rear ends by rock-shafts 21 and '22.

Depending from the shafts 21 and 22, between the frame-bars, are arms 24 and 25, said arms 24 being connected to the shaft 21 and the arms 25 being connected to said shaft 22. The lower ends of each pair of arms 24 and 25 are connected together by a link 26, said links being attached to the segmental type-bar actuator 27, so that said actuator may be swung forwardly and rearwardly and be supported by the arms 24 and 25 and links 26. The links 26 virtually form a part of the actuator and are desirably formed integral therewith. Coiled about the shaft 22, between the depending arms 25, is a spring 23, the free ends of this spring engaging the arms and tending to force them forwardly.

Mounted in the frame-bars 20 is another horizontal rockshaft 28 which carries two depending arms 29, to the lower ends of which is rigidly secured a segmental universal trip-bar 30 which in its normal position lies close to the heels of the coupler 12, as shown in Fig. 1. Rigidly secured to the drive-shaft 7 is a ratchet-wheel 31. A stub-shaft 32 is in axial alinement with shaft 7 and on one end thereof, adjacent the ratchet-wheel, is mounted an arm 33 which carries a pawl 34, said pawl being pressed toward the ratchet-wheel by means of a suitable coil-spring 34 secured to said arm The arm is provided with a radially-extending stop-lug 36 which. is ad aptel to engage. the spring-pressed latch 37, said latch being mounted upon the rear wall of the machine-frame and being pressed into the path of the stop lug 36 by a coil or other spring 37. Rigidly supported cam 39 is adapted to be engaged by the rear end of the pawl and release said pawl from the ratchet-wheel. Connected to the sprin pressed latch 37 is a forwardly-extending link 40, the forward end of said link being nected at its rear end to a crank 41 carried by the stub-shaft 32 is a link 42 whose for ward end is pivot-ally connected at 42 to the aforesaid actuator-bar 27.

The couplers 12 are adapted to be selected and raised by the key-levers in the manner set forth in my former patent. Then the couplers are raised, the trip-bar 30 is swung rearwardly and the latch 37 is disconnected from the nose 36, thus freeing the type-bar actuator and permitting it to swing quickly forward under the action of its spring 23. After the actuator has performed the work of moving the type-bar to printing position, the cam 39 allows the pawl 34 to engage the ratchet-wheel 32 and thus retract the actuator in the manner set forth in said patent, the latch 37 being again brought into requisition to lock the actuator in-its retracted position. Carriage-drive shaft44 is journaled in the frame-bar 44 and can ries at its upper end a pinion 45 which meshes with the carriage-rack 46, said rack extending transversely of the carriage in the usual way and being secured thereto in any suitable manner. Afiixed to this shaft is a short sleeve 47 which carries at its: lower end a star detent-wheel 50, and below this detent-wheel is a bevel-pinion 49 which is affixed to the extreme lower end of shaft 44. The detent wheel is adapted to be friction ally engaged by a roller 51 mounted on an arm 52 pivoted at 53 to a suitable part of the frame, said arm 52 being in the form of a bell-crank whose other arm is loosely engaged by the upper end of a lever 54 pivotally mounted at 55 to the frame of the machine, the depending end of this lever 54 being provided along its inner edge with differently-inclined faces 56 and 57, for the purpose hereinafter set forth, a. spring 58 being connected to said lever 54 to hold the lever in normal position and the detentroller 51 in frictional engagement with the detent-wheel 50. v

Pivotally mounted on the vertical shaft 44 is a pair of arms 59, these arms resting on the upper end of the short sleeve 47 and being arranged to project radially outwardly in approximately opposite directions. Pivotally attached to the outer end of each of these arms 59 is a link 60 and these two links are converged forwardly into over-- lappingposition and pivotally connected at 61 (by a vertical pivot) to a part of the type-bar actuator 27. These links 60 are not connected directly to the actuator, but are connected indirectly through the medium of a lost-motion cushioning device consisting of a link 62 which at one end supports the aforesaid pivot 61 and at its other end is pivotally connected at 63 to a rearwardly-eutending lug 64 carried by the actuator. A coiled spring 65 tends to press the link 62 rearwardly and the free end of the link 62 is supported upon a lug llU 66 projecting rearwardly from the actuator and provided with an upstanding limit-stop 67. l/Vith this construction, it will be-observed that each time the actuator makes its forward, working stroke, the links 60 will be pulled forwardly-and the arms 59 will have their outer ends swung forwardly; and when the actuator 27 is retracted by the motor the links 60 will be pushed rearwardly, the lost-motion device t3265 serving to cushion the shock that would otherwise be causod'by the sudden backward movement of the actuator against the links 60.

The rearward movement of the actuator and its connected links 60 is translated into a rotary motion of the carriage-feed shaft 44 by means of either one of a pair of hooked pawls 68, one of which is pivotally connected to each one of the levers 59, a double spring 69 being coiled around the short hub 47 and arranged to normally swing the free hooked end of the pawls toward the detentwheel 50. These pawls 68 are reversed with respect to each other, so that if they worked together they would work in opposition to each other. Means is provided, however. whereby one or the other of these pawls is held out of action, according to which direction it is desired to feed the carriage. Any suitable devices may be employed for holding one or the other of these pawls 6% out of action; I have shown a cam-plate or shield 80 journalled on shaft 4:4: and rotatably supported on the star-wheel, said shield being provided with a pair of notches or depressions 81 spaced apart on its edge, these notches being so positioned that in one position the right-hand pawl will be locked out of action and caused to make an idle stroke with its hooked tooth-engaging end working on the rounded periphery of the guard-plate 80, while the other pawl will be permitted by the adjacent notch 81 to engage into a tooth of the detent-wheel upon the backward stroke of the actuator. In this "way, either pawl may be held out of commission, altho at all times both pawls will be bodily moved in unison with the actuator. In letter-spacing in the normal di rection, i. e., toward the left, the left-hand pawl shown in Fig. 10 will be in action. so that with each return, i. e., idle, stroke of the actuator the carriage will be letterspaced one step-to the left; whereas, if the guard-plate 80 be partially rotated to bring the other notch. 81 into the field of action of the other pawl, the carriage will be letter-spaced backwardly (i. e., to the right). It will thus be seen that this letter-spacing mechanism is capable of being readily converted into either a. forward letter-spacing mechanism or a rearward letter-spacing mechanism, at the will of the operator. Any suitable means may be employed for shifting the giiard-plate 80, but I prefer to shift this device by means of the key-lever 82 whose key will be desirably arranged in the usual keyboard and whose rear end is connected by a vertical link 83 to the guard in the fact that in both forward spacing and backward spacing, the work of moving the carriage and its driving mechanism is entirely upon the motor, since it is on the return, non-working, stroke of the actuatorthat the letter-spacing of the carriage is accomplished, so that the forward, working, strokeof the actuator is entirely relieved of the work of moving the carriage, this being: desirable in that it relieves the actuating spring 23 of the actuator of this work of moving the carriage, thereby rendering the use of a lighter spring possible and also contributing to uniformity of blows upon the type-bars.

A space-key 70 is provided with an upstanding rod 71 which is held in engage ment with the trip-lever 72 whose forward end rests upon the coupler-rest 11 in position to engage the release-segment 30 when said trip-lever 72 is raised by the bar 71. and thus release the type-bar actuator in the manner heretofore described, to enable the carriage to be letterspaced in either direction. without a printing operation. This irip-lever 72 is pivotally supported on the depending arm of a bell-crank 75 whose forwardly-extending arm carries a roller 74 which bears down upon the rounded surface of a stationary member 70 carried by the frame, this roller 74: being held normally against this rounded surface and the triplever 72 being normally held against the coupler-support 11 by means of a retractile spring 7 6. The object of the friction roller 74 and rounded obstruction 77 is to slightly retard the return of the trip-lever 72 to operative position when pulled forward by the type-bar actuator 27. If it were not for this retarding device as applied to the trip-lever 72, the work of returning this trip-lever to normal position. would be much lighter than the blow required to actuate the type-bar and, therefore, the blow against the triplever would tend to dislocate or unduly wear it and its parts; with this retarding device,

however, the work of returning the tripleveris made approximately equal to the 1 ing the carriage to starting point by means of the motor, thus relieving the operator of the work of returnlng the carriage at the end of each line.

For ltlllS purpose, ll arrange a pair of i bevel-gears 86 loosely mounted on the aforesaid shaft 7 in such position as to constantly mesh with the aforesaid pinion 4E9, a double clutch member 87 being arranged between the pinions to lock either one of them to said shaft 7, it being remembered that this shaft 7 is kept in continuous rotation while the machine is in use. A clutchshifting lever 88g is arranged vertically between the gears 86 for the purpose of shifting the clutch to drive the carriage either toward the right or toward the left, according to which gear 86 is clutched to the shaft 7. This clutch-lever 88 is pivoted at 89 toa stationary part of the machine. To swing this clutch over to the right or to the left, I extend lever 88 downwardly beyond its pivot 89 and provide the same with a pair of opposite cam surfaces or edges 91, a pair of levers 92 each pivoted at 93 being arranged to impinge against these cam edges 91 to swing the lever 88 in either direction according to which! of the levers 92 is operated, each of the levers 92 being provided with. a lateral finger 92 for engagement with its adjacent cam surface 91. When the outer end of either lever 92 is swung upwardly by a keylever 94, the lug 92 carried thereby is moved downwardly against the adjacent cam surface 91 and in an obvious manner cams the lower end of the lever 88 to the right or to the left according to which lever 92 is operated. With this simple arrangement, it will be observed that the operator may readily bring about a continuous running movement of the carriage in either direction, the keylevcr 94- being held manually depressed during this running movement. The carriage may be stopped at the desired point by an ordinary carriage-stop or a tabulator-stop in the well-known manner, and, should the operator continue to press upon the keylever 94 after the carriage has come to rest against the stop, the clutch being a frictional one will slip sufficiently to prevent injury or strain to the parts.

When the carriage is thus run continuously in either direction, it is, of course, desirable that detent 51 shall be disengaged from the star-wheel, so as to free the motor of the'work of moving thecarriage against the friction of said detent, and I. therefore provide means for swinging the lever 52 carrying the detent 51 laterally when the clutch is brought into operation. To accomplish this, I extend lever 54 downwardly into the path of the levers 92, the extreme one of the levers 92 may be arranged so as to operate another lever 95 which may be conntected by a link 96 with a line-spacing mechanism such as shown in my copending application Serial No. 188,772, filedAugust 29, 1917, and renewed October 2, 1922, Serial No. 591,989.

To look the carriage at each step and to prevent it moving more than one step aswell as to secure uniform letter-spacing, I provide a quick-acting device for engagement with the rack, such as is substantially disclosed in my co -pending application Serial No. 188,770 hereinbefore referred to. device consists essentially of a pair of U- shaped members 98 and 99 pivotally connected at their overlapping ends to a bracket 100 attached to the frame-part 4 1 at a point alongside of the carriage-driving shaft 44. The uppen member 99 is provided with an upstanding finger 101'which is adapted to enter between any two teeth of the carriagerack and thus lock the carriage, and the lower member 98 is provided with a depending pin 102 which engages in a notch 102 in the extended end of one of the levers 59. The two members 98 and 99 are connected by a coil-spring 103 so arranged that when the lower member 98 is swung rearwardly bythe arm 59 the upper member 99 will be swung rearwardly to take its finger 101 out of the rack, and when the lower member 98 is swung forwardly by said arm 59 the finger will. be thrown forwardly into locking engagement with the rack. The spring is so arranged as to ensure quick action of the members 98v and 99, the connection between the pin 102 and the notch in the arm 59 being suffic-iently loose to provide for the necessary lost-motion to permit this quick action. My present construction differs from the construction shown in my co-pending application Serial No. 188,770 in that in said other application the rack-locking finger is out of engagement with the rack while the actuator is at rest position because of the fact that the carriage-spacing action takes This place in that structure on the working (forward) stroke of the actuator; while in the present application, by reason of the fact that the carriage is actuated on the return (non-working) strol te of the actuator, 1 am enabled to move the loclcfinger into the rack after each type actuation and keep it in such locked engagement until the next feeding operation. i

In order to throw out lock-finger 101 from the carriage-rack whenever the carriage is driven forwardly or backwardly by means of the clutch-controlled gearing, I extend the upper end of the lever 5-1 upwardly into a notch 10 1 formed in a sliding bar 1041, which bar is provided at its inner end with a cam or beveled edge 105 which is adapted to engage over and force downwardly a lug or ear 106 projecting rearwardly from the upper end of the upper member 99 of the carriage-locking device, whereby the carriagelocking finger 101 will be withdrawn from the rack and held away therefrom simultaneously with the disengagement from the detent 51. As it is sometimes desirable to unlock the carriage-rack as well as the star wheel without bringing into action the clutch-controlled driving mechanism, 1 provide the sliding bar 101 with an extension 107 which is provided with a thumb-piece 108 at its outer end. By pressing the thumbpiece 108 inwardly, it will be seen that a complete release of the carriage from the drive-wheel as well as the locking-device will be effected.

It will be observed that when the lockfinger 101 is in engagement with the rack, it will be held normally in engagement by reason of the fact that spring 103 has been carried bodily forward to a point in front of the pivotal point of the two members 98 and 99, and the spring will also hold pin 102 against the forward wall of the notch 102". The parts remain in this position while the machine is at rest. When the actuator moves on its working stroke, the lock-finger will remain in the rack until the spring 103 is carried bodily rearwardly beyond the center of rotation of the two members this point being reached very nearly simultaneously with the completion of the forward stroke of the actuator, whereupon (the spring 103 having been moved backwardly beyond center) said spring will, by reason of its retractile tendency, quickly snap the finger out of the rack, thus also throwing the pin 102 rearwardly against the rear wall of the notch 102*. The parts will remain in this position during the feeding of the car.- riage, and near the end of the return stroke of the actuator (after the carriage has been fed either backwardly or forwardly) the spring 103 is again carried forwardly beyond center and thus again snaps the finger '101 into the rack, thus ensuring the feeding of the carriage but a single space. It will he observedthat it is within the spirit of my invention to arrange the lock-finger so as to engage in the pinion-teeth instead of the rack-teeth, altho it is desirable that the finger shall engage the rack directly so that any lost-motion or looseness that may exist between the pinion and the rack is not per mitted to interfere with the accurate spacing of the rack.

In view of the fact that whenever the keylever 82 is operated to reverse the carriagefeed from a forward to a backward feeding adjustment, it is desirable that a spacing feed shall take place, I provide simple means whereby when said key-lever 82 is operated there shall take place, immediately upon the completion of the reversal adjustment of the pawl-guard or shield 80, a feeding operation. This is done practically by so connecting the said key-lever 82 with the spacing-key-leverframe that the depression of the key-lever 82 will cause an operation of the spacingkey-lever-frame. To accomplish this, I provide the key-lever 82 with a lateral lug 109 t 11 and 12) extending inwardly from said lever, so as to overhang a projection 110 extending laterally from the key leverframe, sufiicient lost-motion between the two interlocking parts 109 and 110 being provided in order that the key-lever 82 will have a sufficient preliminary movement to bring about the reversal of the pawl feed as stated before the spacingdever is depressed far enough to release the actuator.

In order to prevent the carriage-feeding pawls being operated by the accidental operation of a key during the time the carriage is being returned, I provide means whereby the releasing of the type-bar and feed-pawl actuator will be prevented during said movement. To accomplish this in a simple way. I pivotally attach to the carriage-return lever 92 a bar 111 and extend same upwardly and provide its extreme upper end with a lateral lug 112 which over lies the upper edge of the latch-releasing link 41:0. The link 40 is provided with an upstanding lug 113 which passes back and forth under the aforesaid lug 112 during the normal operation of the machine. When, however, the carriage-return devices are operated, the rod 111 will be pulled down far enough to position the stop 112 behind the link-lug 113 to thus lock the link against rearward movement and thereby prevent the release of the latch 37. The rod 111 may be guided by a pin-and-slot connection 114: on one of the bearings supporting the stubshaft 32.

The type-bar operating mechanism per se herein shown and described is claimed in my aforesaid reissued patent and in my Patent No. 1,455.112, dated May 15, 1923. The mechanism forming the subject matter of my aforesaidapplication, Serial No, 188,- 770 (renewal No. 519,804) and of my Pat ents No, 1,469,777 and of No, 1,469,778, dated October 9, 1923, also have certain features in common with the mechanism illustrated and described in the present application which are claimed broadly in said patents and applications.

The nature and scope of the invention having been thus indicated and its preterred embodiment having been specifically described, what is claimed as new is:

1. In a type'writing machine, a powerdriven type-actuator, a carriage-feeding mechanism actuated. from said type-actuator and embodying means whereby the direction of feed oi the carriage may be controll 'd at will, said means embodying two reversed positively-acting teedpawls, each arrai'iged to feed the carriage in a different direction, and a device for throwing one or the other into position for action when the feed is subsequently actuated from th keyboard.

2. In a typewriting 'machine, motes opera-ted means for letterteedinp; the carriage in either direction, and manually-controlled devices for reversing the direction of feed embodying two reversed pawls and an adjustable shield for throwing and holding. one or the other of the pawls entirely out of action.

3. In a typewriting machine, devices for actuating the printing instrumentalities, a letter-space device for the carriage actuated by said devices, and means manually controlled ifer reversingthe direction of te d embodying tWo reve rsecl pawls and a single wheel operable by either pawl.

1-. In a typeWriting machine, a pinionand-raclr device for letter-spacing the car riage in either direction, a toothed-wheel connect-d to the shaft of said pinion, a pair of reversed pawls arranged to cooperate with said toothed-wheel, means for actuating; both pawls at every printing); or spacing; operation, and means for bringing either pawl into operation and putting; the other pawl out of operation, whereby the direction of feed may be reversed at any point in the travel of the carriage. V

5. In a typ-ewritinp; machine, a motoractuatd reciprocating." type-bar actuator. a carriage-feeding mechanism actuated by the reciprocations of said actuator, and a carriaae-locking device actuated to locking position on the return, non-working, stroke of said actuator.

6. In a typewriting machine, a spring, a motor, a typebar-actuatin,e' mechanism actuated by said spring and retracted by said motor. a letter-spacing mechanism operated by said type-bar actuating); mechanism to feed a carriage a full letter-space during each retraction of said actuating mechanism by said motor, key-controlled devices for reversing; the direction of letter-teed, and mechanism for giving the carriage a run ning movementin either direction through the medium of a part of the letter-spacing mechanism.

7. In a typewriting machine, a letterspacing mechanism embodying a carriage lock and a held detent-wheel to ensure c c u r a t e letter-spacing, a motor-driven mechanism for returning the carriage through the medium of said feed mechanism, keyboard devices for putting said meclr anism into action at will, and devices for releasing the detent-wheel and also unlocking the carriage when said carriage-return mechanism is put into operation.

In a power-thriven typewriting machine, a continuously-rotating shaft, a traveling carriage, means operated from said shaft for step-by-step feeding the carriage in either direction embodying a rack and pinion, and means for continuously driving the carriage directly from said shaft in either d rection through the aforesaid pinion and rack, said. step-bystep feeding means embodying also a toothed wheel to the shaft of said pinion, a pair of reversed pawls adapted to rotate said toothed wheel in opposite directions, and a rotatable mem ber adapted to throw out one or the other of said pawls 9. In a typewriting machine, a motorrlriven. shait operating continuously, a pair of bevel-gears loosely mounted thereon, a hey-controlled double clutch arrangement for locking either one of these gears to the shaft, another shaft carr ing a bevel-pinion being constantly in m'sh with both of the aioresaid bevel-gears and also carrying a.

spacinp; mechanism, a springnctuated typebar-actuntor, a motor tor retracting this lypc-baraictuntor against the action of its spring, and means whereby when the motor returns the actuator the letter-spaeing mech anism will be actuated. by said actuator-to feed the carriage a full letter-space, thereby relieving: the spr ng; 'F'POlTlljllf. duty of letters acinp" the carriage.

ii. In a typewritine' machine, a motordriven typeactuator, a letter-feeding;mechanism actuated from said actuator andcon- Sistine oi a pair of pivotallinlrs each carrying a pawl, a stai:--wheel arranged between said pawls and connected to the carriageactuated r nation of vibratin Dower-driven means in l adapted to'canse a type impression when moved in one direction, and force-teed letter spacing) mechanisn'i tor a paper carriage actuated 'lrom said vibrating power-driven means, and arranged to move the carriage only dnrii'ig moven'ients ou said vibrating powendriven means in the reverse direction. it. in a typewriting machine, the combination oi type, a paper carriage, two motors, and means whereby one of said n'iotors alone impels the type to printing position and thother motor moves the carriage a full letter space and stores power in the type-impelling motor after each typc-impelling operation thereof. 7 p

15. In a typewriting machine, the combination oi type, a paper carriage, a spring motor, means whereby said spring motor niiay efiect an impression of a selected type on paper on the carriage, a source of power, and means operable from i said source of power for storing power in said spring motor and feeding the paper carriage one full letter space after each type impression.

id In a typewriting machine, the coml ination of a paper carriage, reciprocating device for eiiecting type impressions, a motor for impelling said device in a direc tion to effect a type impression, a second motor r01- retracting said device, and means operable to forcefieed the paper carriage one -lnll letter space after eachty e impression by bower from said second motor.

1.4. in .a typewriting machine, the com-- bination of a paper carriage, a reciprocating device for effecting type impressions, a motor for impellingsaid device in a direction to ctl ect type im iiression, a second motor for re .ctin said device, and means operating to forceed the paper. carriage one full letter spacelatter each type impression by, power :lrom said second, motor exerted during the retraction of said reciprocatingdev i i vice by the second motor.

18. In, a typewriting machine, the combination of a paper carriage, a force-feed letter-spacing mechanism for moving the direction, power means for operating said only do ring mo;

letter-spacing mechanism a d said reciprole /ice, and means whereby said forceer-soacing mowv nt to tie carriage only during each movement oi said device in the rm'erse direction,

1.9. In a typewriting machine, the com bination oi vibrating power-driven means adapted to cause a type impression when moved in one direction, force-feed letter spacing mechanism for a paper carriage actnated from said vibrating power-driven means and arra ed to move the carriage cments 01" said vibrating powendrivcn means in the reverse direction, and a carriage-locking device actuated from said power-d ven means to release the carriage curing letter-space movements thereof and lock the carriage after each letter-space movement.

20. In a typowriting machine, the combination of type, a paper carriage, two motors, means whereby one of said motors alone ii'npels the type to printing position and the othermotoii' moves the carriage a ill letter space and stores power in the typedmpelling motor after each type-inn pelling operation thereof, a lock for holding the carriage against travel, and means whereby said lock is released by the type impclling motor and moved to locking position by the carriage-moving motor. 7

21. In a typewriting machine,-the combi nation of type, a paper carriage, a spring motor, means whereby said. spring motor may elit'ect an impression of a selected type on paper on the carriage, a source of power, means operable from said source of power for storing power in'said spring motor and feeding the paper carriage one full letter space after each type impression, alock normally preventing; travel of t is carriage, and means operable from said source of power for releasing said loch during feed movements of the carriage.

22. in a typewriting machine, the combination of a paper carriage, a reciprocating device for effecting type impressions, a motor for impelling said device in a direction to eliect a type impression, a second motor for retracting said device, means operable to torce-feed the paper carriage one full letter space after each type impression by device to eflect a type impression and is re stored to locking position by retraction of said device.

.23. in a typewri'ting machine, the combination of a paper carriage, a reciprocating letter-spacing device adapted to move the ar riage a. full letter space, a spring for moving said device in one direction without moving the carriage, constantly-operating power-driven means for moving said device in the opposite direction to letter-space the carriage and store power in said spring, means for locking said device against movement by said spring, and character-key and space-key operated means for releasing said device.

245. In a typewriting machine, the combi nation of character and space keys, a paper carriage, and a force-feed letter space mech anism for said carriage embodying a toothed member connected to move the carriage, a forward-spacing pawl arranged to posi tively shift said toothed member in one direction, a back-spacing pawl arranged to positively shift said member in the opposite direction, power means for moving both pawls upon actuation of either a character" key or a space key, and means for rendering either of said pawls ineffective to shift the said member upon actuation of the keys.

25. In a typewriting machine, the combination of character and space keys, a paper carriage, and a force-feed letter space mechanism for said carriage embodying a toothed member connected to move the carriage, a forward-spacing pawl arranged to positively shift said toothed member in one direction, a back-spacing pawl arranged to positively shift said member in the opposite direction, power means for moving both pawls upon actuation of either a character key or a space key, means for rendering either pawl effective at will, and means whereby either of said pawls is automatically rendered ineffective to shift said member when the other pawl is rendered effective to shift said member.

26. In a typewriting machine, the combination of character and space keys, a paper carriage, a forcefeed letter-space mechanism for said carriage embodying a toothed member shiftable to move the carriage stepby-step, a forward-spacing pawl arranged to positively shift said toothed member in one direction, a backspacing pawl arranged to positively shift said member in the opposite direction, power means for moving both pawls upon actuation of either a character key or a space key, and key-operated means shiftable to prevent the forward-spacing pawl from acting on said member and permit the back-spacing pawl to act on said member, said key operated means normally preventing feeding action of the back-spacing pawl and permitting feeding action of the forward spacing pawl.

27. In a typewriting machine, the combination of character and space keys, a paper vcarriage, a force-feed letter-space mechaone direction, a back-spacing pawl arranged to positively shift said member in the opposite direction, power means for moving both pawls upon actuation of either a character key or a space key, key-operated means shiftable to prevent the forward-spacing pawl from. acting on said member and allow the back-spacing pawl to act on said member, said key-operated means normally preventing feeding action of the back-spacing pawl and permitting feeding action of the forward spacing pawl, and means for automatically actuating the space key when said keyoperated means is actuated to allow the backspacing pawl to act on said member.

28. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a reciprocable device for effecting type-impressions, a motor for moving said device in one direction to effect a type-im pression, a second motor for retracting said device, a paper carriage, a toothed member shiftable step-by-step to move the carriage for letter-spacing, a forward-spacing pawl for moving said toothed member positively in one direction, a back-spacing pawl for positively moving said member in the opposite direction, means whereby said. pawls are shifted by one motor during impressioneffecting movements of said device and are shifted by the other motor during retractive movements of said device, and means whereby either pawl may be rendered ineffective to shift said member during reciprocatory movements of said device.

29. In a typewriting machine, the com bination of a reciprocable device for efiectmg type-impressions, a motor for moving said device in one direction to effect a typeimpression, a second motor for retracting said device, a paper carriage, a toothed member shiftable step-by-step to move the carriage for letter-spacing, a forward-spacing pawl for moving said toothed member positively in one direction, a back-spacing pawl for positively moving said member in the opposite direction, means whereby said pawls are given a movement by the first motor in one direction and a movement by the second motor in the opposite direction, and means shiftable to render either pawl effective to move said member only during movement of such pawl'by said second motor and to simultaneously render the other pawl ineffective to move said member during movement of the latter pawl by either motor,

30. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a reciprocable device, a motor for moving said device in one direction, a second motor for moving said device in the opposite direction, a paper carriage, a toothed member shiftable step-by-step to move the carriage for letter-spacing, two pawls for moving said toothed member positively in opposite directions, means whereby said pawls are reciprocated from said .movements of said device in one direction and both pawls receiving their membershift-ing stroke from the same motor.

31. In a typewriting machine, the combination ofa reciprocable device, a motor for moving said device in one direction, a second motor for moving said device in the opposite direction, character keys and a space key, means controlled by said keys for causing said motors to reciprocate said device upon actuation of either of said keys, a paper carriage, a toothed member shiftable to move the carriage for letter spacing, a forward-spacing pawl and a backward spacing pawl for positively moving said member, means for moving said pawls in one direction by the first motor and in the opposite direction by the second motor, means for controlling the direction of feed shiftable to render either pawl effective to shift said toothed member and simultaneously render the other pawl ineffective to shift said member, means for causing said last mentioned means to normally throw the backspacing pawl out of action, a back-space key for temporarily shifting said direction controlling means, and means for actuating the space key from the back-space key.

32. In a typewriting machine, the combination of type, a paper carriage, two motors, character-key-controlled means whereby one of said motors first impels the type to printing position and the other motor then im pels the carriage a full letter space and stores power in the type-impelling motor upon actuation of a character key, and keycontrolled means for running the carriage continuously in either direction from the motor which letter-spaces the carriage.

83. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a paper carriage, a reciprocat ing device for effecting type impressions, 'a motor for impelling said device in a direction to effect a type impression, a second motor for retracting said device, means operable to force-feed the paper carriage one full letter space after each type impressioir by power from said second motor, and means for running the carriage in either direction with a continuous movement through a part of said force-feed means and solely by power from said second motor.

34:. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a paper carriage, a reciprocat ing' device for effecting type impressions, a motor for impelling said device in a direction to effect a type impression, a second motor for retracting said device, means operable to force-feed the paper carriage one full letter space after each type impression by power from said second motor, means for running the carriage in either direction with a continuous movement through a part of said force-feed means and solely by power from said second motor, a carriage lock operated by said motors to release the carriage during each feed movement and lock the carriage after each feed movement. and means for automatically releasing said look when said carriage-running means is put into action.

35. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a paper carriage, a reciprocating device for effecting type impressions, a motor for impelling said device in a direction to effect a type impression, a second motor for retracting said device, means operable to force-feed the paper carriage one full letter space after each type impression by power from said second motor, means for running the carriage in either direction with a continuous movement through a part of said force-feed means and solely by power from said second motor, a carriage lock operated by said motors to release the carriage during each feed movement and lock the carriage after each feed movement, means for automatically releasing said. lock when said carriage-running means is put into action, and manually operable means for releasing said lock at will.

36. In a typewriting machine, a powerdriven carriage-running mechanism embodying a single depending double-clutch shifting lever having cam faces on opposite sides of its depending end, two sub-levers adapted to co-act with said cam faces respectively,

and key-levers for actuating said sub-levers.

37, In a typewriting machine, powerdriven mechanism for giving the carriage a single running movement in either direction embodying a depending double-clutch shifting lever having opposite cam faces on its depending end, key-actuated sub-levers for engaging said cam faces respectively, and carriage-holding devices for said mechanism actuated to inactive position by, either of said sub-levers.

38. In a typewriting machine, powerdriven mechanism for running the carriage back and forth embodying a double clutch and a lever for actuating the same, keyactuated sub-levers for swinging said clutchlever toward one side or the other, a carriageholding means, and an unlocking lever for actuating said carriage-holding means to inactive position, said unlocking lever having one of its vertical edges provided with two cam faces against which said sublevers respectively impinge.

This specification signed this 20th day of March, A. D. 1919.

MANSFIELD G. CRAWLEY. 

